According to Eurostat, in 2023, EU countries exported €59.4 billion of research services to countries outside the EU and imported €102.6 billion, resulting in a trade deficit of €43.2 billion.
Exports and imports increased by 9% and 16.6%, respectively, compared to 2022.
Largest trading partners:
Exports
- United States ($28.1 billion; 47.3%)
- Switzerland (€8.6 billion; 14.4%)
- United Kingdom (€7.7 billion; 13.0%)
Imports
- United States (€46.2 billion; 45.0%)
- United Kingdom (€9.8 billion; 9.6%)
- India (€6.6 billion; 6.4%)
