Deep inside the Sun, powerful nuclear fusion is constantly taking place: hydrogen is converted into helium, providing our star with heat and light. But above the Sun’s surface, another force reigns supreme: the electromagnetic field. It is this force that is responsible for sunspots, flares, and coronal mass ejections (CMEs).
These phenomena follow the Sun’s 11-year cycle, during which the star’s magnetic field undergoes a complete reversal. During the minimum of the cycle, sunspots almost disappear, and flares may not occur for months.
